Curtain Noob Needs Suggestions/Assistance

Hello, great and almighty internet strangers of Reddit! I come to you with quite a conundrum. 

I have been considering curtains for years, and I think it’s finally time to get this beast of a project done. I’d like them to serve a few purposes and need some advice from greater brains than mine before I start making purchases. Also, shopping is simply overwhelming, so every time I look, I just give up!

Hoping the hive-mind can provide some direction to make my life easier. TYIA!  

Context:

• We live in a small 101-year-old craftsman-style home, which naturally means it constantly needs a lot of TLC. Windows and trim work need repairs, but that will not happen for some time (hence the desire for sheers to hide some imperfections while still letting light in). 
  • This also means walls/windows are not all level or evenly spaced, making measuring and hanging things SUPER fun. /s
• We have a long-haired dog, and our house gets a lot of traffic, so I don’t *love* the idea of puddling on the floor, but could perhaps be convinced otherwise?
• In terms of style, I prefer clean, simple lines. We have a ton of MC hand-me-down furniture pieces, as you can see. We love them and have blended a bit of our boho/modern style throughout the living spaces as well. 
• Key piece of info: Budget. I'll shop anywhere from IKEA, Lowe's, and Target to Pottery Barn (if on sale). I'm down to spend a few hundred per room. I don't have the budget for custom, sadly. I'm thinking hardware is where I'll get the most bang for my buck, so I can focus funds there as a priority if needed.
• What you don’t see on the other side of those rooms is Legos out the wazoo, schoolwork on the dining room table, and all the “living” things. I find it all adds clutter to my brain, so I’m looking for a way to soften these rooms where I can, and bring some serenity/peacefulness to them, along with the needed functionality!

What I need, curtain-wise:

• Double rod system for:
  • Sheers for the daytime. I want to open up the blinds every day to let light in, but the view isn’t great. There’s a two-story apartment building next door and just… ugh… I want privacy and light, without seeing what’s over there, or the reverse. 
  • Blackout or dark/heavy drapes to close only for certain times of the year to:
    • Provide some temp control in this old drafty house during crazy temps (day and/or night, depending on the season)
    • Block our inside light at night during the termite swarming season. As-is, we turn off all the lights in the house and live like vampires – I hate it.
    • Darken the space for daytime movies

What I need brain-power with:

• I have two rooms to tackle, and they’re connected, so I want them to look uniform. I can’t find double-rods I like that would work for both rooms (smaller single windows AND the larger spread). WTH. 
• Height/where to hang/length of curtains? I’m thinking equidistant between the ceiling and the picture rail. Pretty sure any location will require custom length (or me hemming) because of the wall height of 107”. See note in context for puddling…
  • Secondly, for length: Should the sheers be as long as the blackouts?
• Width: 
  • For the dining room, I'm thinking of leaving some wall visible on either side. Would it be better to take them all the way to the side/walls (if I could even find a rod that long)?
  • Living room: The left window drape gets complicated by the bookshelf, so no matter how I open that curtain, it’ll block part of the frame. My thought is to open each drapery on either side away from the TV and just deal with the awkward left side… suggestions?
• Hanging hardware: hooks, back tabs, rings with or without clips? Too many options make the brain explode. I want clean lines with minimal pleating, but would also like it to look like it belongs in this style of home.
• What color hardware for rods and rings (if used)? My gut says black or something that would be almost invisible with the drapes.
  • Hardware across the house is a mix of brushed nickel in the kitchen (to the left of the dining room), doorknobs are very dark brown/almost black, and fixtures in the living room are mostly black. (If everything in my house could be black as a nod to my inner emo, that’s what I’d pick, but my husband would not love it, lol.) 
• What color heavy/outer drapes? I try to keep big things neutral and add pops of color elsewhere, but I don’t want things to look too sterile. Gray to match the walls and almost blend in when closed? White (though it looks different in every room because of the lighting)? Other? 

Pics with and without measurements provided for additional context. It feels like a monster of a project to me, but I'm hoping all of you will see things much simpler than I. =)

Any other thoughts or suggestions? I appreciate you!